0XX
034: Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data
The 034 field (machine-readable format) captures the same information as the 255 field (human readable format). The 034 has no OPAC indexing or display, while the 255 displays in the OPAC. See 255. Metadata in the 034 must match the 255 field.
Repeatable field: If 2 scales are present on the material, use two 034 and two 255 fields. If there are 3 scales or more, do not repeat 034 and 255 fields. Instead, code the 034 first indicator 3 and use the 255 ‡a Scales differ.
First indicator (type of scale): 1 - Single scale, 3- Range of scales, or 0 - Scale indeterminable/No scale recorded
Second indicator (type of ring for digital cartographic items): generally blank - Not applicable.
‡a - Category of scale: required
- Use a – for all linear maps (even when no scale given, or scales vary within an atlas)
- or b – for celestial
- or z – for other.
‡b - Constant ratio linear horizontal scale: subfield required when scale is present on map, or when approximated by the cataloger.
- Refers to the denominator of the representative fraction (the numerator is always 1). It expresses how many units of distance on the ground is equal to one unit on the map. See Glossary.
- To calculate the scale in representative fraction form when the map gives a verbal scale, use the Map Scale Calculator on the website MapTools (https://maptools.com/scale_calculator). For example, the verbal scale statement “100 feet = 1 inch” means that 1 inch on the map represents 100 feet in ground distance. However, feet and inches are not the same unit of measurement, so the equivalent representative fraction is not 1/100. It is 1/1200, and is represented in the record by:
- 034 1_ ‡a a ‡b 1200
- 255 __ ‡a Scale 1:1200
‡d - ‡g Coordinates subfields: Subfields required when coordinates are present on map, or when approximated by the cataloger. In the 034, enter coordinates in decimal degrees (note that in the 255 they are entered in degrees/minutes/seconds). Decimal degrees must follow the format XXX.XXXXXX (three numbers before dot, six numbers after dot).
- ‡d - Coordinates - westernmost longitude
- ‡e - Coordinates - easternmost longitude
- ‡f - Coordinates - northernmost latitude
- ‡g - Coordinates - southernmost latitude
To find coordinates when not present on map: use the tool Bounding Box by Klokan Technologies (https://boundingbox.klokantech.com/) . Capture the full extent of the area falling within the neat line, or of all cartographic details if they extend beyond the neat line. Bounding Box will return data formatted for the 034 and 255 fields. Select MARC OCLC DEC to copy-paste the 034 field (in decimal degrees), and MARC OCLC to copy-paste the 255 field (in degrees/minutes/seconds).
To convert latitude and longitude between decimal degrees and degrees/minutes/seconds when not using Bounding Box (if the map specifies coordinates in one of the two formats): use the Degrees Minutes Seconds to/from Decimal Degrees Converter by the Federal Communications Commission: (https://www.fcc.gov/media/radio/dms-decimal). Add zeros when needed to obtain the format XXX.XXXXXX. When latitudes are south of the equator, use the minus sign (“-”)in front of the value in ‡f / ‡g. When longitudes are west of the Prime Meridian, use the minus sign (“-”) in front of the value in ‡d / ‡e. (However, the plus sign “+” for northern latitudes and eastern longitudes is optional).
‡2 Source: Use “bound” for Bounding Box. For others, select code from the Cartographic Data Source Codes by the Library of Congress (https://www.loc.gov/standards/sourcelist/cartographic data.html).
Examples:
034 1_ ‡a a ‡b 960 ‡d -071.161389 ‡e -071.153889 ‡f 042.380000 ‡g 042.374722 ‡2 bound
255 __ ‡a Scale 1:960. 80 feet = 1 inch ‡c (W 71°09ʹ41ʺ–W 71°09ʹ14ʺ/N 42°22ʹ48ʺ–N 42°22ʹ29ʺ).
500 __ ‡a Coordinates not present on map and are approximated.
034 1_ ‡a a ‡b 2500000 ‡d -092.000000 ‡e -084.000000 ‡f 034.900000 ‡g 030.500000 ‡2 bound 255 __ ‡a Scale approximately 1:2,500,000 ‡c (W 92°00ʹ00ʺ–W 84°00ʹ00ʺ/N 34°54ʹ00ʺ–N 30°30ʹ00ʺ).
034 3_ ‡a a ‡d 002.516667 ‡e 036.750000 ‡f 043.950000 ‡g 030.133333
255 __ ‡a Scales differ ‡c (E 2°31’00”–E 36°45’00”/N 43°57’00”–N 30°08’00”).
500 __ ‡a Coordinates not present on map and are approximated.
034 3_ ‡a a
255 __ ‡a Scales differ.
500 __ ‡a Coordinates not present in atlas.
040: Cataloging Source
‡a CtY-BR ‡b eng ‡c CtY-BR ‡e dcrmc ‡e rda
043: Geographic Area Code
No OPAC indexing or display.
Blank indicators
‡a MARC code for a geographic area: Each geographic area code associated with an item is contained in a separate subfield ‡a. Record multiple codes in order of importance. No punctuation at end of field.
Use the MARC Code List for Geographic Areas by the Library of Congress
(https://www.loc.gov/marc/geoareas/gacs_name.html). Codes include continents, countries, first order political divisions of some countries (such as states and provinces), regions (e.g. “Northwest, Canadian”), transnational groupings (e.g. “Commonwealth countries”), geographic features (such as mountain ranges), and celestial bodies. The list does not include cities, so a map depicting Boston is assigned the code for Massachusetts ‡a n-us-ma
052: Geographic Classification
No OPAC indexing or display.
First indicator: Blank when using LOC Classification
Second indicator: Blank
Do not add punctuation at the end or in between subfields.
Use the Subclass G (Cartographic Materials) - Geographic Cutter Numbers table from the Library of Congress (https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/GCutter.pdf) (keyword-searchable pdf document). Also available by region on Cataloger’s Desktop (http://www.loc.gov/cds/desktop/documents/GCutters/).
‡a - Geographic classification area code: 4-digit number appearing at the top of each page, dropping the “G”.
‡b - Geographic classification subarea code: Cutter number.
Examples:
Mediterranean Sea -> G5672.M4 -> 052 __ ‡a 5672 ‡b M4
Tewksbury, MA -> G3764.T39 -> 052 __‡a 3764 ‡b T39